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Infections during pregnancy

Alan — Tue, 04 Oct 2011 03:34:42 +0000

Infections can cause miscarriages and are transferred to the unborn during birth. Serious illnesses can leave permanent damage or even death. While there are currently a few infectious diseases, immunizations of the mother when already pregnant may be supplemented.

For example:

Bacteria:
Chlamydia (Chlamydia trachomatis): chlamydial conjunctivitis and pneumonia in the newborn
Gonorrhea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae): Gonoblennorrhoe
Listeriosis (Listeria monocytogenes): Granulomatosis infantiseptica
Group B streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae): sepsis (early-onset) and meningitis (late-onset) in newborns
Syphilis (Treponema pallidum): congenital syphilis
Protozoa:
Malaria (Plasmodium falciparum)
Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
Virus:
Hepatitis B (hepatitis B virus, HBV)
Hepatitis E (hepatitis E virus, HEV)
Herpes simplex (herpes simplex virus, HSV) Herpes Neonatorum

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): The HIV virus is not necessarily transmitted from an infected pregnant woman to the unborn child. The probability of transmission during birth is high, if action is not appropriately taken. The risk of infection of a child by an HIV-infected mother during pregnancy or during birth without treatment is estimated at about 15 to 30 percent.

With known HIV infection of the mother, the risk of transmission can be reduced to the child by administering anti-retroviral medication and birth by cesarean section to less than 5 percent. The necessary measures to prevent mother to child transmission of HIV can only be successfully used if the HIV infection of the mother is known. Therefore the AWMF recommends to every pregnant woman, an HIV antibody test which must be at the consent of the pregnant woman.

Influenza
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)
Measles (measles virus)
Mumps (Rubulavirus): miscarriage in the 1st Trimester
Slapped cheek disease (parvovirus B19): foetal anaemia, foetal hydrops
Rubella (Rubellavirus): Congenital rubella syndrome
Chickenpox (varicella-zoster virus, VZV) Varizellenembryofetopathie, perinatal: Neonatal Varicella
CMV (cytomegalovirus, CMV)

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World’s youngest and oldest mothers

Alan — Mon, 03 Oct 2011 02:57:31 +0000

The youngest person who brought a healthy child into the world was the Peruvian Lina Medina . The beginning of the pregnancy was carried out when she was 5 and a half years old (conceived when she was 4.)

The oldest world record for giving birth is currently held by a Spanish woman from Barcelona, in 2006 after artificial insemination at the age of 67 years, she gave birth to twins.

The youngest mother of seven children is a 16-year-old girl from Argentina, in 2007, who had triplets for the second time. Before the birth of her son she had lost a child through a miscarriage.

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Pregnancy and Vaccinations

Alan — Thu, 15 Sep 2011 05:59:52 +0000

Overdue vaccinations with inactivated vaccines may be safely administered to pregnant women, according to current recommendations in the second and third trimester, during the first trimester only, Totstoff vaccinations should be given. Before pregnancy, Totstoff vaccinations are not a reason to postpone a pregnancy.

Vaccination with live vaccines are contraindicated (such as measles, mumps and rubella) from three months prior to, and during the entire pregnancy. In the subsequent lactation vaccinations are generally available without restriction.

Allergenic immunological complications

If the pregnant woman has certain features in their blood cells and also ones handed down from father to child in the womb, the mother can recognize these characteristics as being a stranger. Then the mother develops antibodies against them.

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Post natal weight reduction

Alan — Fri, 22 Jul 2011 03:13:26 +0000

After nine glorious months of carrying a baby and being blessed with the birth of a beautiful child, when you glimpse into the mirror all you see is weight in all the places it shouldn’t be. At the front of all new mums’ minds is post natal weight reduction. This is particular is an obsession with the celeb mums, since they want the flab gone in days as if they were in a competition.

When handling any post pregnancy issue do not use celebrity standards, you must realise they have an entire team that is dedicated only to her regaining her pre-pregnancy body weight. Unless you are like her and have that liberty, then you need to have patience with your body and listen to what it tells you.

Enjoy time with your baby and your new motherhood. Play with the baby, understand its actions, sing songs to the baby and get accustomed to him or her. For the first two weeks do not let the weight issue even enter your train of thought. First get real acquainted with your new package.

Just being busy and doing everything taking care of the baby is going to lose you close to half the weight you gained. Do not rush it, the body needs to stabilise itself, remember you gave birth to another human being.

Some stars such as Christina Aguilera and Heidi Klum have said how breast feeding helped to take off weight. This becomes a natural way to lose the weight and over 500 calories can be burned a day just breastfeeding.

Set different goals that are achievable and believable for your weight loss with a clear time setup to meet those goals. Do not be unrealistic or you will be disappointed when you do not reach your goals. Maintain a diary to keep a record of the weight loss.

Stay in touch with any new mothers you know or met at the hospital or in Lemans class or even just at the pediatrician’s office. They will help you to keep motivated and push you to your goals.

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Less multiple births recorded from fertility treatment

Alan — Sun, 15 May 2011 06:00:10 +0000

The Human Embryology and Fertility Authority (HFEA) wants to reduce the number of twins or triplets that are born after a mother has received fertility treatment since studies now show that these babies are more apt to die, be premature and be more underweight than “singletons.”

At least 50% of twins are born premature and have low birth weights of less that 5.5lbs about 2.5kg. The health of the mother can also suffer and premature babies end up costing the NHS higher sums of money.

HFEA started to persuade clinics in 2008 to reduce multiple births and at that time 25% of those that had received treatment had more than one baby. The goal is to reduce that figure to 20% before April 2011 and the authority said they were on course to do so.

All data has not been tallied however they have a new figure of 15% to reach by April 2012. HFEA’s Helen Richens says that will be real challenging but they hope to succeed. Currently many clinics implant as standard, two embryos hoping that one survives. In 2008 of the 12,200 successful births that followed IVF there were 15,000 babies that were born.

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Treat your tootsies during pregnancy!

admin — Tue, 07 Apr 2009 20:35:49 +0000

Your pregnancy is a really special time for you, your mind and body are preparing for motherhood and everything about you is changing. The body undergoes many changes during pregnancy and women often ignore the changes in their feet.

Did you know that many women’s feet increase in size by one or two show sizes during pregnancy? This is the result of hormones being released in the body to enable the ligaments in the birth canal to relax.

Ligaments in the feet also relax causing the feet to lengthen and widen. Many women also suffer with foot problems during their pregnancy, due to increased pressure exerted on their feet as a result of weight gain. The most common conditions are Over-Pronation and Edema, which can lead to pain at the heel, arch and ball of the foot.

Often referred to as flat feet, Over-Pronation occurs when the arch of the foot flattens whilst bearing extra weight. This can make walking extremely painful and increase strain on the feet, calves and back. Edema can become a problem in the latter months of the pregnancy and is also known as swelling in the feet. Feet become swollen because of the displacement of water fluid in the body.

Follow these tips to prevent suffering from these conditions so you can enjoy your pregnancy to the full:

Put your feet up - wherever possible elevate your feet, if you have to sit for extended periods of time rest your feet on a stool to elevate them.
Let your feet breathe – do not wear footwear or socks that constrict your feet.
Keep on the move – regular exercise will improve your overall health and circulation, if you have to sit for lengthy periods of time walk about occasionally to aid circulation.
Measure up – have your feet measured regularly throughout your pregnancy as your feet are likely to grow.
Watch what you eat – avoid foods that are high in salt as these can cause water retention.
Soak it up – keep hydrated, this will actually prevent water retention.
Cushion comforts – to prevent the pain on the heel and ball of the foot use Kiwi Smiling Feet cushions. The transparent gel ball of foot and heel of foot cushions will target the main areas affected by Over-Pronation and Edema.

Kiwi Gel Heel Cushions

Kiwi Smiling Feet ball of foot cushions and Kiwi Smiling Feet heel of your foot cushions are available from major supermarkets (£3.29 rrrp)

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